Chidziwitso Chachikulu cha Mapampu Otentha
Tanthauzo la Mapampu Otentha: Pampu yotentha ndi chipangizo chomwe chimatha kusamutsa kutentha kuchokera kumalo amodzi kupita ku ena. Atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pozizirira kapena kutenthetsa malo komanso popereka madzi otentha.
Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito: Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito mapampu otentha ndi yofanana ndi ya firiji, koma ndi kusiyana kwakukulu - amatha kugwira ntchito mosiyana, kupereka kuzizira ndi kutentha. Zigawo zazikuluzikulu zimaphatikizapo compressor, evaporator, condenser, ndi valavu yowonjezera. Mu kutentha, pampu yotentha imatenga kutentha kochepa kuchokera ku chilengedwe chakunja ndikuchipereka kumalo amkati mwa kukanikiza ndi kutulutsa kutentha. Pozizira, imatenga kutentha kuchokera m'nyumba ndikuitulutsa kunja.
Gwero la Kutentha ndi Gwero Lozizira: Pampu yotentha imafuna gwero la kutentha ndi gwero lozizira. Potentha, kunja kumakhala gwero la kutentha, pamene m'nyumbamo mumakhala ngati gwero lozizira. M'nyengo yozizira, izi zimasinthidwa, ndipo m'nyumbamo mumakhala ngati gwero la kutentha ndi malo akunja monga gwero lozizira.
Mphamvu Zamagetsi: Mapampu otenthetsera ndi odziwika chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zopatsa mphamvu. Atha kupereka kuziziritsa kwakukulu kapena zotenthetsera zogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa. Izi zili choncho chifukwa samatulutsa kutentha mwachindunji koma m'malo mwake amasamutsa kutentha, potero amakwanitsa kuwongolera kutentha. Kuchita bwino kwa mphamvu kumayesedwa ndi Coefficient of Performance (COP), pomwe COP yapamwamba imatanthawuza kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu bwino.
Mapulogalamu: Mapampu otentha amapeza ntchito zambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza kutenthetsa m'nyumba, zowongolera mpweya, madzi otentha, komanso ntchito zamalonda ndi mafakitale. Nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi machitidwe opangira mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa monga ma solar panel kuti apititse patsogolo mphamvu.
Kuwonongeka Kwachilengedwe: Kugwiritsa ntchito mapampu otentha kumatha kuchepetsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha, potero kumakhudza chilengedwe. Komabe, ndikofunikira kulingalira momwe chilengedwe chimakhudzira, kuphatikiza mphamvu zomwe zimafunikira popanga ndi kukonza makina opopera kutentha.
Chiyambi cha Mitundu ya Pampu Yotentha
Mpweya Wotentha Pampu (ASHP): Pampu yamtunduwu imatulutsa kutentha kuchokera ku mpweya wakunja kuti ipereke kutentha kapena kuziziritsa m'nyumba. Iwo ndi oyenerera nyengo zosiyanasiyana, ngakhale kuti mphamvu zawo zingakhudzidwe ndi kusinthasintha kwa kutentha.
Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP): Mapampu otenthetsera otsika amagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kosalekeza kwa dziko lapansi kumapereka kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito ikhale yokhazikika m'nyengo yozizira komanso yotentha. Nthawi zambiri amafunikira kuyika malupu opingasa pansi pa nthaka kapena zitsime zoyima kuti atenge kutentha kwa geothermal.
Pampu Yotentha Yoyambira Madzi (WSHP): Mapampu otenthawa amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yotentha yochokera m'madzi monga nyanja, mitsinje, kapena zitsime potenthetsa kapena kuziziritsa. Ndioyenera madera omwe ali ndi madzi ndipo nthawi zambiri amapereka mphamvu zokhazikika.
Adsorption Heat Pump: Mapampu otenthetsera a Adsorption amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu monga silika gel kapena activated carbon kuti amwe ndi kutulutsa kutentha, m'malo modalira mafiriji opanikizidwa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zina monga kuziziritsa kwa dzuwa kapena kubwezeretsa kutentha kwa zinyalala.
Pampu Yotenthetsera Mphamvu Yosungiramo Mphamvu Yapansi Pansi (UGSHP): Pampu yamtundu uwu imagwiritsa ntchito makina osungiramo mphamvu zapansi panthaka kuti asunge kutentha pansi ndikuchitenga kuti chitenthe kapena kuziziritsa ngati pakufunika. Amathandizira kukonza magwiridwe antchito komanso kudalirika kwa makina opopera kutentha.
Mapampu Otentha Kwambiri:Mapampu otentha kwambiri amatha kupereka kutentha kwapamwamba, kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ngati kutenthetsa kwa mafakitale ndi kutentha kwa wowonjezera kutentha komwe kumafunikira kutentha kokwera.
Mapampu Otentha Ochepa:Mapampu otentha otsika amapangidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito zomwe zimaphatikizapo kutulutsa kutentha kuchokera kumalo otsika, monga kutentha kwapansi kowala kapena madzi otentha.
Mapampu Otentha Awiri:Mapampu otenthawa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi imodzi magwero a kutentha awiri, nthawi zambiri magwero apansi ndi mpweya, kuti apititse patsogolo mphamvu ndi bata.
Zigawo za Pampu Yotentha
Pampu yotentha imakhala ndi zigawo zingapo zofunika zomwe zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zithandizire kusamutsa ndi kuwongolera kutentha. Nazi zigawo zikuluzikulu za pampu kutentha:
Compressor: Compressor ndiye maziko a dongosolo la kupopera kutentha. Zimagwira ntchito yopondereza refrigerant yotsika kwambiri, yotsika kwambiri kuti ikhale yotsika kwambiri, yotentha kwambiri. Izi zimakweza kutentha kwa firiji, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zitulutse kutentha mu gwero la kutentha.
Evaporator: Evaporator ili kumbali yamkati kapena yozizira ya makina opopera kutentha. Potentha, evaporator imatenga kutentha kuchokera m'nyumba kapena kutentha kochepa kuchokera kunja. M'malo ozizira, amayamwa kutentha m'nyumba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malo amkati azikhala ozizira.
Condenser: Condenser ili kumbali yakunja kapena gwero la kutentha kwa pampu yotentha. Mu kutentha mode, condenser imatulutsa kutentha kwa refrigerant yotentha kwambiri kuti itenthe malo amkati. Pozizira, condenser imatulutsa kutentha kwamkati kumalo akunja.
Vavu Yokulitsa: Valve yowonjezera ndi chipangizo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa kutuluka kwa firiji. Amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa firiji, kulola kuziziritsa ndikukonzekera kulowanso mu evaporator, motero kupanga kuzungulira.
Firiji: Firiji ndi njira yogwirira ntchito mkati mwa dongosolo la kupopera kutentha, kuyendayenda pakati pa mayiko otsika ndi otentha kwambiri. Mafiriji amitundu yosiyanasiyana ali ndi mawonekedwe apadera kuti agwirizane ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
Fans ndi ductwork: Zigawozi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa mpweya, kugawa mpweya wotenthedwa kapena woziziritsa m'malo amkati. Mafani ndi ma ductwork amathandizira kuti mpweya uziyenda, kuwonetsetsa kuti kutentha kumafalikira.
Control System:Dongosolo lowongolera limapangidwa ndi masensa, owongolera, ndi makompyuta omwe amawunika momwe zinthu ziliri m'nyumba ndi kunja ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a pampu yotenthetsera kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za kutentha ndikuwongolera bwino.
Zosintha Zotentha:Makina opopera kutentha atha kuphatikizira zosinthira kutentha kuti zithandizire kusamutsa kutentha pakati pa njira zotenthetsera ndi zoziziritsa, zomwe zimathandizira kuti makina azigwira bwino ntchito.
Kusiyana Pakati pa Mapampu Otentha ndi Zida Zazikulu Zotenthetsera ndi Zoziziritsa (zozimitsa mpweya, zotenthetsera madzi)
Mapampu Otentha: Mapampu otentha amatha kusinthana pakati pa kutentha ndi kuziziritsa, kuwapanga kukhala zida zosunthika. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutenthetsa nyumba, kutenthetsa madzi, kuziziritsa malo amkati, komanso, nthawi zina, kupereka kutentha kwa zida zina.
Makometsedwe a mpweya: Makina oziziritsira mpweya amapangidwa kuti aziziziritsa komanso kuti m'nyumba muzikhala bwino. Makina ena otenthetsera mpweya amakhala ndi ntchito ya pampu yotentha, yomwe imawalola kuti azitentha nthawi yozizira.
Zotenthetsera Madzi: Zotenthetsera madzi zimaperekedwa kutenthetsa madzi osamba, kuyeretsa, kuphika, ndi zolinga zofanana.
Mphamvu Zamagetsi:
Mapampu Otentha: Mapampu otenthetsera ndi odziwika chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zopatsa mphamvu. Akhoza kupereka kutentha komweko ndi kutsika kwa mphamvu zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu chifukwa amayamwa kutentha pang'ono kuchokera ku chilengedwe ndikusintha kukhala kutentha kwambiri. Izi nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa mphamvu zochulukirapo poyerekeza ndi zoziziritsa kukhosi komanso zotenthetsera madzi zamagetsi.
Makometsedwe a mpweya:Makina oziziritsira mpweya amapereka kuziziritsa koyenera koma kumakhala kosagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu nthawi yanyengo yozizira.
Zotenthetsera madzi: Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa zotenthetsera madzi kumasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ma heaters amadzi a solar ndi heat pump water heaters nthawi zambiri amakhala osagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri.
Mwachidule, mapampu otentha ali ndi maubwino apadera pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu komanso kusinthasintha, oyenera kuziziritsa, kutenthetsa, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha. Komabe, zowongolera mpweya ndi zotenthetsera madzi zilinso ndi zabwino zake pazolinga zenizeni, kutengera zomwe zimafunikira komanso chilengedwe.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-21-2023