Mapampu otentha ndi abwino pachikwama chanu-ndi dziko lapansi.
Ndi njira yotsika mtengo komanso yabwino kwambiri yothanirana ndi kutentha ndi kuziziritsa kwa nyumba yanu, mosasamala kanthu komwe mukukhala. Iwo ndi abwino kwa chilengedwe. M'malo mwake, akatswiri ambiri amavomereza kuti ndi imodzi mwa njira zabwino kwambiri za eni nyumba kuti athe kuchepetsa mpweya wawo ndikupeza phindu la tsogolo lobiriwira popanda kupereka chitonthozo. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, iwo ndi kupambana-kupambana.
“Taona njira zothetsera nyengo ngati zidzukulu za mapepala kukhala zoipa kuposa zimene tinazoloŵera. Koma pali malo ena omwe aliyense amapindula, ndipo ndikuganiza kuti mapampu otentha ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha izi, "anatero Alexander Gard-Murray, PhD, katswiri wazachuma pazandale ku Brown University komanso wolemba nawo 3H Hybrid Heat Homes: An Incentive Program to. Electrify Space Heating ndi Kuchepetsa Mabilu a Mphamvu mu Nyumba zaku America. “Amakhala chete. Amapereka ulamuliro wambiri. Ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo, achepetsa mphamvu zomwe timafunikira komanso mpweya wowonjezera kutentha. Choncho si ndalama chabe. Ndi kusintha kwa moyo wabwino. "
Koma zingakhalebe zovuta kusankha pampu yotentha yomwe ili yoyenera kwa inu, kapena kudziwa komwe mungayambire kuyang'ana. Titha kuthandiza.
Kodi pampu yotenthetsera ndi chiyani?
"Pampu yotentha mwina ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe ogula angachite kuti athandizire kuthana ndi vuto la nyengo," atero Amy Boyd, mkulu wa ndondomeko ya Acadia Center, bungwe lofufuza ndi kulengeza zachigawo lomwe likuyang'ana kwambiri pa mfundo za mphamvu zoyeretsa kumpoto chakum'mawa. Mapampu otenthetsera amapezekanso m'malo abata komanso omasuka kwambiri omwe amapezeka pakuwotha ndi kuziziritsa kunyumba.
Mapampu otentha amakhala ndi njira ziwiri zowongolera mpweya. M'nyengo yachilimwe, amagwira ntchito ngati chigawo china chilichonse cha AC, kuchotsa kutentha kwa mpweya mkati ndikukankhira mpweya wokhazikika m'chipindamo. M’miyezi yozizirirapo, iwo amachita zosiyana, kutengera mphamvu ya kutentha kuchokera mumpweya wakunja ndi kuusamutsira m’nyumba mwanu kuti mutenthetse zinthu. Njirayi imakhala yothandiza kwambiri, pogwiritsa ntchito theka la mphamvu zambiri kuposa magetsi ena opangira magetsi. Kapena, monga mmene David Yuill wa ku yunivesite ya Nebraska–Lincoln anatiuzira, “Mukhoza kuika mu wati wa magetsi ndi kupeza mawati anayi a kutentha. Zili ngati matsenga.”
Mosiyana ndi matsenga, komabe, pali kufotokozera kosavuta kwa zotsatirazi: Mapampu otentha amangosuntha kutentha, m'malo moupanga powotcha gwero lamafuta. Ngakhale ng'anjo yoyendetsedwa bwino ndi gasi kapena chotenthetsera sichisintha 100% yamafuta ake kukhala kutentha; izo nthawizonse adzataya chinachake mu ndondomeko kutembenuka. Chowotcha chabwino chamagetsi chopanda magetsi chimakupatsani mphamvu 100%, komabe chimafunika kuwotcha ma watts kuti chipange kutentha, pomwe pampu yotentha imangosuntha kutentha. Pampu yotentha imatha kukupulumutsani pafupifupi $1,000 (6,200 kWh) pachaka poyerekeza ndi kutentha kwamafuta, kapena pafupifupi $500 (3,000 kWh) poyerekeza ndi kutentha kwamagetsi, malinga ndi US department of Energy.
M'madera omwe gululi lamagetsi likudalira kwambiri zowonjezera zowonjezera, mapampu otentha a magetsi amatulutsanso mpweya wocheperapo kusiyana ndi njira zina zotenthetsera ndi kuziziritsa, zonse pamene zimapereka mphamvu zowonjezera kawiri kapena zisanu kuposa mphamvu zomwe mumayikamo, pafupifupi. Zotsatira zake, pampu yotenthetsera ndi makina okonda zachilengedwe a HVAC omwe ndi abwino pachikwama chanu, komanso. Mapampu ambiri otentha amagwiritsanso ntchito ukadaulo wa inverter, womwe umapangitsa kuti kompresa azithamanga mwachangu komanso mosiyanasiyana, chifukwa chake mukugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yeniyeni yofunikira kuti mutonthozedwe.
Kwandani uyu
Pafupifupi mwininyumba aliyense atha kupindula ndi pampu yotentha. Taganizirani za Mike Ritter, yemwe anasamukira m’nyumba ya mabanja aŵiri wazaka 100 ku Boston’s Dorchester moyandikana ndi banja lake mu 2016. Ritter ankadziŵa kuti boileryo inkayaka utsi ngakhale asanagule nyumbayo, ndipo ankadziwa kuti’ ndiyenera kuyisintha posachedwa. Atalandira mawu ochepa kuchokera kwa makontrakitala, adatsala ndi njira ziwiri: Adatha kugwiritsa ntchito $ 6,000 kuti akhazikitse tanki yatsopano yamafuta opangira mafuta m'chipinda chapansi, kapena atha kupeza pampu yotenthetsera. Ngakhale kuti mtengo wonse wa mpope wotenthetsera umawoneka ngati wokwera kasanu pamapepala, mpope wotentha unabweranso ndi kubwezeredwa kwa $ 6,000 ndi ngongole yazaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, chiwongola dzanja cha zero kuti chiwononge ndalama zonse, chifukwa cha chilimbikitso cha Massachusetts padziko lonse lapansi. pulogalamu yolimbikitsa kutembenuka kwa pampu ya kutentha.
Atangochita masamu—kuyerekeza kukwera mtengo kwa gasi ndi magetsi, komanso kuwononga chilengedwe, pamodzi ndi malipiro a mwezi uliwonse—chosankha chinali choonekeratu.
"Kunena zoona, tidadabwa kuti titha kuchita," adatero Ritter, wojambula pawokha, atatha zaka zinayi za umwini wa pampu yotentha. "Sitimapanga ndalama za adokotala kapena loya, ndipo sitikadayembekezera kukhala anthu otenthetsa ndi kuziziritsa m'nyumba zawo. Koma pali njira miliyoni zomwe mungafalikire ndalamazo ndikupeza kubweza ndikupeza mphamvu zamagetsi. Sizochuluka kuposa zomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito kale pamagetsi pakali pano. "
Ngakhale zabwino zonse, pali pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri anthu aku America akugula njira imodzi ya AC kapena machitidwe ena osagwira ntchito kuposa omwe amagula mapampu otentha chaka chilichonse, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa Alexander Gard-Murray. Kupatula apo, dongosolo lanu lakale likalephera, ndizomveka kungosintha zomwe zinalipo kale, monga momwe a Ritters angakhalire. Tikukhulupirira kuti bukhuli lingakuthandizeni kukonzekera ndi kukonza bajeti kuti mukweze kwenikweni. Kupanda kutero, mukhala ndi HVAC ina yosagwira ntchito, yokhala ndi mpweya wambiri kwazaka khumi zikubwerazi. Ndipo izo sizabwino kwa aliyense.
Chifukwa chiyani muyenera kutikhulupirira
Ndakhala ndikulembera Wirecutter kuyambira 2017, ndikuphimba ma air conditioners ndi ma air conditioners, mafani achipinda, zotenthetsera zamlengalenga, ndi mitu ina (kuphatikiza ina yosagwirizana ndi kutentha kapena kuziziritsa). Ndapanganso malipoti okhudzana ndi nyengo kumalo ogulitsira monga Upworthy ndi The Weather Channel, ndipo ndidafotokoza za msonkhano wa Paris Climate wa 2015 monga gawo la mgwirizano wa utolankhani ndi United Nations. Mu 2019, ndidalamulidwa ndi Yunivesite ya Cornell kuti ndipange sewero lathunthu la mayankho ammudzi pakusintha kwanyengo.
Monga Mike Ritter, ndinenso mwini nyumba ku Boston, ndipo ndakhala ndikuyang'ana njira yotsika mtengo komanso yokhazikika kuti banja langa likhale lofunda m'nyengo yozizira. Ngakhale dongosolo la radiator lamagetsi lamakono mnyumba mwanga limagwira ntchito bwino pano, ndimafuna kudziwa ngati pali njira yabwinoko, makamaka popeza dongosololi likukalamba kwambiri. Ndinamvapo za mapampu otenthetsera kutentha—ndinadziŵa kuti anansi oyandikana nawo anali nawo—koma sindinkadziŵa kuti ndalama zake n’zotani, mmene zimagwirira ntchito, ngakhalenso mmene ndingagulitsire. Chifukwa chake bukhuli lidayamba pomwe ndidayamba kulumikizana ndi makontrakitala, opanga mfundo, eni nyumba, ndi mainjiniya kuti ndipeze njira yabwino kwambiri ya HVAC yomwe ingagwire ntchito kunyumba kwanga, komanso kudziwa zomwe zingachite pachikwama changa pakapita nthawi.
Momwe mungasankhire pampu yoyenera kutentha kwanu
Mapampu otentha nthawi zambiri ndi lingaliro labwino kwambiri. Koma lingalirolo limakhala locheperako mukayesa kutsitsa kuti pampu yotentha yomwe muyenera kupeza. Pali zifukwa zomwe anthu ambiri samangotuluka kupita ku Home Depot ndikubweretsa kunyumba zilizonse zomwe zimatenthetsa mwachisawawa zomwe amapeza pamashelefu. Mutha kuyitanitsa imodzi ndi kutumiza kwaulere pa Amazon, koma sitingalimbikitse kuchita izi, mwina.
Pokhapokha ngati ndinu katswiri wokonzanso nyumba, mufunika kupeza kontrakitala kuti akuthandizeni paulendo wanu wapampopi yotentha-ndipo momwe zimagwirira ntchito pazochitika zanu zimadalira zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo mtundu wa nyumba yomwe mumakhala. mkati, komanso nyengo zakuderalo ndi mapulogalamu olimbikitsa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake m'malo mopangira pampu yabwino kwambiri ya kutentha kwa anthu ambiri, tabwera ndi njira zingapo zokuthandizani kuti muyendetse njira yokweza makina a HVAC mnyumba mwanu.
Pazolinga za bukhuli, tikuyang'ana kwambiri mapampu otentha ochokera ku mpweya (nthawi zina amatchedwa mapampu otentha a "air-to-air"). Monga momwe dzina lawo likusonyezera, zitsanzozi zimasinthanitsa kutentha pakati pa mpweya wozungulira inu ndi mpweya kunja. Mapampu otenthetsera mpweya ndi mpweya ndiye njira yodziwika bwino m'mabanja aku America ndipo amasinthidwa mosavuta m'malo osiyanasiyana. Komabe, mutha kupezanso mitundu ina ya mapampu otentha, omwe amakoka kutentha kuchokera kumagwero osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mpope wa kutentha kwa geothermal, umatulutsa kutentha kuchokera pansi, zomwe zimafuna kuti mufufuze pabwalo lanu ndikubowola chitsime.
Ndemanga:
Zina mwazolemba zatengedwa pa intaneti. Ngati pali kuphwanya kulikonse, chonde titumizireni kuti tichotse. Ngati mumakonda zinthu zopopera kutentha, chonde omasuka kulumikizana ndi kampani yapompopi yotentha ya OSB, ndife chisankho chanu chabwino.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-26-2022